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Programming Basics (Pseudocode Tracing)

The following for loop increases i by 2. What is the value of s after it runs?

integer: s ← 0
for (i from 1 to 10 step 2)
  s ← s + i
endfor
  1. A25
  2. B30
  3. C36
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Answer: A. 25

i takes the values 1, 3, 5, 7 and 9; the next value 11 exceeds the final value 10, so the loop ends. s = 1 + 3 + 5 + 7 + 9 = 25. A for loop exits as soon as the control variable exceeds the final value, so the body never runs with a value beyond it.

  • A. Correct. 1 + 3 + 5 + 7 + 9 = 25.
  • B. This starts at 2: 2 + 4 + 6 + 8 + 10. The initial value is 1.
  • C. This adds 11 as well. 11 exceeds the final value 10, so it is not used.
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