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Linux and Command-Line Basics

A Linux server warns that disk space is running low. Which of the following is the correct pair of a command to check usage and free space for each file system and a command to total the space used by the files in a directory?

  1. Adf and du
  2. Bdu and df
  3. Cfree and du
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Answer: A. df and du

df (disk free) shows, for each mounted file system, its total size, used space and free space, and with -h it shows them readably in units such as G and M. du (disk usage) totals the space used by the files under a given directory, and used as in du -sh * it finds which directories are large. A standard procedure is to first find the full file system with df and then narrow down the large directories inside it with du. A file that has been deleted but is still held open by a process is counted as used by df but not by du, so the two values may not match.

  • A. Correct. Free space per file system is checked with df, and the total used under a directory with du.
  • B. The roles of df and du are reversed.
  • C. free shows usage of memory (main memory and swap), not disk.
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